1. Ukufunyaniswa kunye nokuxhaphaka kweentlobo eziguqukileyo ze-Omi Keron Ngomhla we-9 kaNovemba 2021, uMzantsi Afrika uye wafumanisa umahluko we-B.1.1.529 we-coronavirus entsha kwisampulu yetyala okokuqala. Kwiiveki nje ezi-2, uhlobo oluguqukileyo luye lwaba lolona hlobo lubalaseleyo losulelo lwesithsaba kwiPhondo laseGauteng, eMzantsi Afrika, kwaye ukukhula kwalo kwakhawuleza. NgoNovemba 26, i-WHO yachaza njengesihlanu "i-variant of concern" (VOC), ebizwa ngokuba yi-Greek letter Omicron (Omicron) eyahlukileyo. Ukusukela nge-28 kaNovemba, uMzantsi Afrika, i-Israel, iBelgium, i-Italiya, i-United Kingdom, i-Austria kunye ne-Hong Kong, i-China, ibeke iliso kwigalelo lohlobo oluguqukayo. Igalelo lolu hlobo oluguqukayo alikafunyanwa kwamanye amaphondo kunye nezixeko kwilizwe lam. I-Omi Keron mutant yafunyanwa okokuqala kwaye yaxelwa eMzantsi Afrika, kodwa ayithethi ukuba intsholongwane yavela eMzantsi Afrika. Indawo apho i-mutant yafunyanwa khona akunyanzelekanga ukuba ibe yindawo yemvelaphi.
2. Izizathu ezinokwenzeka zokuvela kwe-Omi Keron mutants Ngokolwazi olukhoyo ngoku ekwabelwana ngalo yi-database entsha ye-virus yesithsaba i-GISAID, inani leendawo eziguqukayo zentsholongwane yesithsaba esitsha se-Omi Keron mutant strain ingaphezulu kakhulu kunayo yonke intsholongwane yesithsaba esitsha. iintlobo eziguqukayo ebezijikeleza kule minyaka mibini idlulileyo, ngakumbi kutshintsho lweprotein ye-virus spike (Spike). . Kucingelwa ukuba izizathu zokuvela kwayo zinokuba zezi meko zintathu zilandelayo: (1) Emva kokuba isigulane se-immunodeficiency sosulelwe yi-coronavirus entsha, uye wafumana ixesha elide lokuziphendukela kwemvelo emzimbeni ukuqokelela inani elikhulu leenguqu, ezithi zisasazwa ngamabona-ndenzile; (2) usulelo lweqela elithile lezilwanyana I-coronavirus entsha, intsholongwane ifumana inguqu eguquguqukayo ngexesha lokusasazeka kwezilwanyana, kwaye izinga lokuguquka liphezulu kunelo labantu, kwaye emva koko iphalele ebantwini; (3) Olu hlobo oluguqukileyo luye lwaqhubeka ukujikeleza ixesha elide kumazwe okanye kwimimandla apho ukubekwa esweni koguqulo lwejenome entsha ye-coronavirus kusilela. , Ngenxa yokungonelanga kwezakhono zokubeka iliso, iintsholongwane zesizukulwana esiphakathi sokuzivelela kwayo azikwazanga ukufunyanwa ngexesha.
3. Isakhono sothumelo lwe-Omi Keron mutant strain Okwangoku, akukho datha yophando lucwangcisiweyo malunga nosulelo, i-pathogenicity, kunye nesakhono sokusinda somzimba we-Omi Keron mutants ehlabathini. Nangona kunjalo, ukwahluka kwe-Omi Keron kwakhona kuneendawo ezibalulekileyo zokuguqula i-amino acid kwiintlobo ezine zokuqala ze-VOC i-Alpha, i-Beta, i-Gamma kunye ne-Delta spike proteins, kubandakanywa nee-receptors zeeseli eziphuculweyo. Iisayithi zokuguqulwa kwe-somatic affinity kunye nokukwazi ukuphindaphinda intsholongwane. Idatha ye-epidemiological kunye nelabhoratri yokuhlola ibonisa ukuba inani lezehlo ze-Omi Keron ezahlukeneyo eMzantsi Afrika linyuke kakhulu, kwaye ngokuyinxenye lithathe indawo yokwahluka kweDelta (Delta). Umthamo wothumelo kufuneka ujongwe ngakumbi kwaye ufundwe.
4. Impembelelo ye-Omi Keron eyahlukileyo yoxinzelelo kwizitofu kunye namachiza e-antibody Uphononongo lubonise ukuba ubukho be-K417N, E484A, okanye utshintsho lwe-N501Y kwiprotheyini ye-S yekoronavirus entsha ibonisa ukomelezwa kwesakhono sokusinda sokuzivikela komzimba; ngelixa i-Omi Keron mutant nayo inokuguqulwa kathathu kwe "K417N + E484A + N501Y"; Ukongeza, i-Omi Keron mutant kwakhona Kukho ezinye iinguqulelo ezininzi ezinokunciphisa umsebenzi wokungathathi hlangothi kwezinye izilwa-buhlungu ze-monoclonal. Ukuma okuphezulu kotshintsho kunokunciphisa ukusebenza kakuhle kokhuseleko lwamanye amachiza e-antibody ngokuchasene ne-Omi Keron mutants, kunye nokukwazi kwezitofu zokugonya ezikhoyo ukubaleka ukhuselo lomzimba kufuna ukujongwa ngakumbi kunye nophando.
5. Ngaba ukwahluka kwe-Omi Keron kuchaphazela ukufunyanwa kwe-nucleic acid esetyenziswa ngoku ngoku kwilizwe lam? Uhlalutyo lwe-genome ye-Omi Keron ye-mutant strain ibonise ukuba indawo yayo yokuguqula ayichaphazeli ubuntununtunu kunye nokucaciswa kwezinto eziqhelekileyo zokufumanisa i-nucleic acid kwilizwe lam. Iindawo zoguqulo lwe-Omi Keron mutant strain zigxile kakhulu kwindawo eguquguqukayo kakhulu ye-S protein gene, kwaye azikho kwindawo yokufumanisa i-nucleic acid yereagent primers kunye nemimandla ekujoliswe kuyo epapashwe kuhlelo lwesibhozo lwelizwe lam “New Coronavirus Pneumonia. Inkqubo yoThintelo noLawulo” (eTshayina I-ORF1ab gene kunye ne-N gene ekhutshwe ngamaZiko oLawulo lweSifo noThintelo kwihlabathi). Nangona kunjalo, idatha esuka kwiilabhoratri ezininzi eMzantsi Afrika icebisa ukuba izixhobo zokufumanisa i-nucleic acid ezifumanisa i-S gene zisenokungakwazi ukubona ngokukuko i-S gene yokwahluka kwe-Omi Keron.
6. Amanyathelo athatyathwe ngamazwe afanelekileyo kunye nemimandla Ngokujonga ubhubhane okhawulezayo we-Omi Keron mutants eMzantsi Afrika, amazwe amaninzi kunye nemimandla, kuquka i-United States, i-United Kingdom, i-European Union, i-Russia, i-Israel, i-Taiwan yelizwe lam IHong Kong, ithintele ukungena kwabahambi abasuka kumazantsi eAfrika.
7. Imilinganiselo yokusabela yelizwe lam Iqhinga lelizwe lethu lothintelo kunye nolawulo “lokhuselo lwangaphandle, ukhuselo lwangaphakathi ngokuchasene nokubuyela umva” lusasebenza ngokuchasene ne-Omi Keron mutant. Iziko leZifo zeNtsholongwane zeZiko laseTshayina loLawulo lweSifo kunye noThintelo liseke indlela ethile yokufumanisa i-nucleic acid ye-Omi Keron mutant strain, kwaye iyaqhubeka nokubeka iliso kwi-genome yentsholongwane kwiimeko ezinokuthi zingeniswe ngaphandle. La manyathelo akhankanywe ngasentla aya kunceda ukufunyanwa kwangethuba kweenguqu ze-Omi Keron ezinokungeniswa kwilizwe lam.
8. Izindululo ze-WHO malunga nokusabela kwiintlobo eziguqukayo ze-Omi Keron I-WHO icebisa ukuba amazwe omeleze ukucupha, ukunika ingxelo kunye nophando nge-coronavirus entsha, kwaye athathe amanyathelo asebenzayo empilo yoluntu ukunqanda ukusasazeka kwale ntsholongwane; Amanyathelo asebenzayo okuthintela usulelo acetyiswayo ebantwini aquka ukugcina umgama omalunga nemitha enye ubuncinane kwiindawo zikawonke-wonke, ukunxiba iimaski, ukuvula iifestile zokungena komoya, kunye nokugcina Coca izandla zakho, ukukhohlela okanye ukuthimla kwingqiniba okanye kwithishu, ugonywe, njl. njl. kuphephe ukuya kwiindawo ezingenayo umoya okanye iindawo ezixineneyo. Xa kuthelekiswa nolunye uhlobo lwe-VOC, akukaqinisekwa ukuba ngaba ukwahluka kwe-Omi Keron kunosulelo olunamandla, i-pathogenicity kunye nokukwazi ukuphuma komzimba. Uphando olufanelekileyo luya kufumana iziphumo zokuqala kwiiveki ezimbalwa ezizayo. Kodwa into eyaziwayo ngoku kukuba zonke iintlobo eziguqukayo zinokubangela ukugula kakhulu okanye ukufa, ke ngoko ukuthintela ukusasazeka kwale ntsholongwane kuhlala kungundoqo, kwaye isitofu esitsha sokugonya sisasebenza ekwehliseni ukugula nokufa.
9. Xa sijongana nokwahluka okusanda kuvela kwekoronavirus entsha u-Omi Keron, yintoni ekufuneka uluntu inikele ingqalelo kuyo kumsebenzi wabo wemihla ngemihla nasemsebenzini? (1) Ukunxiba imaski kuseyeyona ndlela isebenzayo yokuthintela ukusasazeka kwentsholongwane, kwaye iyasebenza nakwi-Omi Keron mutant strains. Nokuba yonke ikhosi yokugonya kunye nokugonywa kwe-booster igqityiwe, kuyafuneka ukuba unxibe imaski kwindawo yangaphakathi yoluntu, izithuthi zikawonkewonke kunye nezinye iindawo. Ukongeza, hlamba izandla zakho rhoqo kwaye ukhuphe umoya kwigumbi. (2) Yenza umsebenzi olungileyo wokubeka iliso kwimpilo yakho. Xa kukho iimpawu zokurhaneleka kwenyumoniya entsha, njengomkhuhlane, ukhohlokhohlo, ukuphefumla nzima kunye nezinye iimpawu, jonga ngokukhawuleza ubushushu bomzimba kwaye uthathe inyathelo lokuya kugqirha. (3) Ukunciphisa ukungena nokuphuma ngokungeyomfuneko. Kwiintsuku nje ezimbalwa, amazwe amaninzi kunye nemimandla baye baxela ngokulandelelana ukungeniswa kwe-Omi Keron mutant strains. I-China ijongene nomngcipheko wokungenisa olu hlobo lokuguquka, kwaye ulwazi lwangoku lwehlabathi jikelele ngolu hlobo lwe-mutant lusanqongophele. Ke ngoko, ukuya kwiindawo ezinomngcipheko omkhulu kufuneka kuncitshiswe, kwaye ukhuseleko lomntu ngexesha lokuhamba kufuneka luqiniswe ukunciphisa ithuba lokosulelwa yi-Omi Keron mutant sins.
Ixesha lokuposa: Dec-17-2021